| Both | Can we cite the methodology in a peer-reviewed publication? | A version number, a suggested citation, and a stated date on every method | A result built on it can be checked as a journal expects |
| Both | Can findings be reproduced later, or does the method change under a published result? | A method version is fixed once used in a published output | A later refinement is a new version, dated, not a silent update |
| Both | What access do we get to the underlying data, and on what terms? | Aggregated, geotagged output behind an anonymisation boundary set with the source | Terms an ethics committee can assess before the project starts |
| Both | How do we compare outcomes across cases or periods? | Shared variable definitions applied consistently across geography and time | One taxonomy across a study rather than reconciling ad hoc ones afterwards |
| Both | Should we build a multi-year programme on this rather than one-off commissions? | A versioned data dictionary and method note stable enough to cite across projects | A citable source for a programme rather than a single study |
| Signal137 | What did that event or policy change actually cause? | Gross change through counterfactual, displacement, and leakage to attributable effect | The attribution claim in the paper rests on a documented method |
| Demand137 | What does demand look like for this place over this horizon? | A demand vector or scenario comparison, with method and uncertainty stated | The forecast claim in the paper rests on a documented method |
| Both | How is research ethics handled? | Governance, retention, and anonymisation agreed before any data moves, in a form compatible with institutional review | A data-management plan agreed as part of scoping |
| Both | What does a collaboration look like, and what does it cost? | Commissioned research, data access, or joint research, scoped to the question, geography, and timeframe | Cost scoped with the design, not quoted from a rate card |
| Both | Who holds the data, and where? | Aggregated and governed; never individual-level data outside the agreed boundary | The evidence is publishable without exposing anyone |